Adhesive Bonding of Wood Materials

Adhesion to Wood 9–1 Surface Properties of Wood Adherends 9–2 Extractives on Surfaces 9–3 Knifeand Abrasive-Planed Surfaces 9–3 Veneer Surfaces 9–4 Surfaces of Wood and Nonwood Composite Products 9–5 Physical Properties of Wood Adherends 9–6 Density and Porosity 9–6 Moisture Content and Dimensional Changes 9–7 Adhesives 9–9 Composition 9–9 Health and Safety 9–10 Strength and Durability 9–10 Adhesive Selection 9–12 Bonding Process 9–15 Moisture Content Control 9–15 Surface Preparation 9–16 Adhesive Spreading 9–16 Assembly and Pressing 9–16 Post-Cure Conditioning 9–18 Bonded Joints 9–18 Edge-Grain Joints 9–18 End-Grain Joints 9–18 End-to-Edge-Grain Joints 9–19 Construction Joints 9–19 Testing and Performance 9–20 Analytic Chemical and Mechanical Testing of Polymers 9–20 Mechanical Testing of Bonded Assemblies 9–20 Shortand Long-Term Performance 9–21 Product Quality Assurance 9–22 References 9–23 dhesive bonding of wood components has played an essential role in the development and growth of the forest products industry and has been a key factor in the efficient utilization of our timber resource. The largest use of adhesives is in the construction industry. By far, the largest amounts of adhesives are used to manufacture building materials, such as plywood, structural flakeboards, particleboards, fiberboards, structural framing and timbers, architectural doors, windows and frames, factory-laminated wood products, and glass fiber insulation. Adhesives are used in smaller amounts to assemble building materials in residential and industrial construction, particularly in panelized floor and wall systems. Significant amounts are also used in nonstructural applications, such as floor coverings, countertops, ceiling and wall tile, trim, and accessories.